Hoʻopili ka ikehu biomass e hana i nā mea nui

ʻO ka ikehuola-nui i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ko mākou ʻāina ʻoi aku ka maopopo ʻole ma mua o ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana, ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī ma mua o ke kākoʻo, akā no kona nani maoli, a ʻo ka hope loa i kēlā me kēia lā e ulu a ulu.

Ma ka hopena o ka 2016, ua hoʻokumu ka biomass i 63.4 bilionaatt-hola o ka uila ma ka ʻāina holoʻokoʻa, kahi kokoke i ka huahana makahiki o ka Three Gorges Power Station, kahi mile nui.

ʻO ka mea nui, ʻo ka hapalua o kāna mau mea mai ka mahiʻai a me nā ʻōpala ulu e like me nā ʻohiʻohi, a ʻo kekahi ʻāpana mai nā ʻōpala o ke kūlanakauhale. ʻO ia e ʻōlelo nei, ʻoiai e hana ana i ka ikehu uila maʻemaʻe, hiki iā ia ke hoʻopau i nā maʻi ʻelua o ke kaiapuni ākea o ka lapalapa ʻana o nā ʻūhū a me nā ʻōpala o ke kūlanakauhale, no laila he hana hoʻomalu kūlua ia.

Ua hana maikaʻi mākou i ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka loaʻa kālā o nā mahiʻai a me ka ʻimi ʻana i ka hōʻemi i ka ilihune.

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Wahi a ka ʻikepili a ka International Energy Organization IEA, ka hoʻomehana wahie ʻana i ka mākeke biomass honua i koho mua ʻia, akā heʻuʻuku ka mahele o Kina, ʻo ka ʻai makahiki ma 2016 he 8 miliona wale nō ia, a i ʻole ma ka 2013 ma hope o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka ulia haze. e nānā a hoʻomohala.

Pono e kaomi ʻo Grg haze i ka lanahu, ʻo ka paʻakikī o ka lānahu ke kaomi ʻia nei i ka ʻai makahiki ma kahi o 270 miliona mau tona o ke koina ʻoi aku ma mua o 500 tausani mau ʻūhū ahi hoʻā ahi a me ka waena o 20 mau tona.

Hoʻopuehu loa ʻia lākou, liʻiliʻi i ka leo a paʻakikī e kuni maʻemaʻe.

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He maikaʻi ke "lānahu i ke kōkō," akā ʻaʻole kūpono, ʻo ka hoʻomehana wahie hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ke koho maikaʻi loa.

Hoʻolālā ʻia e hōʻea i 30 miliona mau ton i ka manawa o ka Plan 13-Five-Year Plan, me 100 miliona mau tona i hiki i ka 2030.

A me ka hanauna mana biomass, ka hoʻomehana wahie hoʻomehana ʻana he biomass paʻa hoʻi e like me nā mea maka, nā mea waiwai a me ka hiki o nā hana hoʻomalu kūlua, a me nā pono mahiʻai.

I nā makahiki he ʻekahi o ke kenekulia 21, i ka ulu ʻana o nā biogas ʻoihana hana a me nā biogas mai 800 a ʻoi aku ma mua o 5,000, e hoʻonui ana (i ka wā) ʻoi aku ka uila ma mua o ka hydro, ua alakaʻi ʻia ʻo Kina mai nā biogas home kuaʻāina a hiki i kekahi mau makahiki i hala.

I ke kauwela o 2013, ua kākau ʻo Professor Cheng a me wau i kahi leka hui i ke Kuhina Nui Li Keqiang e pili ana i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ke kinoea bio-natural i Kina.

'ʻO ka fermentation Anaerobic ka ʻoi loa o ka ikehu a me ka pono o ka hoʻololi ʻana i nā mea i waena o nā hana hoʻohuli ikehu biomass,' heluhelu ka leka.

ʻO nā kinoea hoʻomehana honua no ka pōʻai ola piha (LCA) o ke kūlohelohe fossil he 398 gram, ʻoiai ʻo nā biogas i hana ʻia mai nā holoholona a me nā moa moa he 414 mau huna.

Hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka diesel a me nā kaʻa ʻākala, hiki i ka bio-gas kaʻa ke hoʻēmi i ka hoʻokuʻu ʻia ʻana o nā mea partulate a me CO2 e 90%.

Eia kekahi, ʻo kaʻu mea nui ka ʻepekema lepo. I ke kaʻina o ka puhi ʻana i ka biomass i ke kiʻekiʻe wela, ʻoi aku ma mua o ʻumi mau ʻano mea kanu mea kanu e like me ka phosphor, manganese, zinc a me ka hao i hoʻohui ʻia a ʻaʻole hiki ke hana hou ʻia i ka lepo, ʻoiai ʻo ka fermentation anaerobic ʻaʻole hiki ke hana hou i ka lepo, akā ma kahi kūlana ʻokanika hoʻi.

Ua hoʻomaka wale ʻo Biogas ma Kina, akā ua lilo ka ʻenehana ʻenehana a me nā lakohana i oʻo.

Ua hana nui ka National Energy Administration a me ka Ministry of Agriculture e paipai i ka hana ʻana o 8 biliona m3 ma ka Plan 13-Five-Year Plan, a me nā waihona hoʻopukapuka kālā ma kahi o 60% o ka huina o ka biomass energy.

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Kuhi ʻia ka hana hana ma 2030 e hiki aku i 40 biliona m3, 5 biliona m3 ʻoi aku ma mua o ka lawe ʻia mai o nā kinoea fossil mai ka paipu Lūkini ʻĀkau.

Ua hōʻeuʻeu hou ʻia mākou e ka haʻiʻōlelo a Pelekikena Xi Jinping ma ka hālāwai 14th o ka Central Leading Group for Financial and Economic Affairs i ka hopena o 2016.

"No ka hoʻoulu ʻana i ka hoʻomehana hoʻomaʻemaʻe ma ka hoʻoilo ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau ka mea nui i ka mehana o ka poʻe ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau a me ka hōʻemi ʻana o nā lā smog. He ʻāpana nui ia o ke kipi i ka hana ʻana i ka ikehu a me ka hoʻohana ʻana a me ke kipi i ke ʻano nohona kaiāulu. "

"ʻO ka hōʻeleu ʻana i ka hoʻolilo a me ka hana hou ʻana i nā ʻōpala mai nā holoholona a me nā mahi manu nā manuʻai i pili i ka hana a me kahi nohona o 600 miliona mau kuaʻāina kuaʻāina, ka ʻōnaehana ikehu ma nā wahi kaiāulu, a me ka hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ka momona o ka lepo a kāohi i nā kumuwaiwai kū ʻole i ka mahiʻai haumia. He maikaʻi maikaʻi loa kēia e pōmaikaʻi ai ka ʻāina a me ka poʻe i ka holo lōʻihi.

Pono mākou e pili i ke kulekele o ke kākoʻo aupuni a me ka hana i hoʻonohonoho ʻia i ka mākeke o nā ʻoihana, lawe i ka biogas a me ka bio-gas e like me ke kuhikuhi lapaʻau nui, a hoʻohana i ka ikehu a me nā mea mahiʻai a me nā mea mahiʻai mahiʻai i nā wahi kaiāulu e like me ke ʻano o ka hoʻohana nui. e hoʻonā i ka pilikia o ka mālama ʻōpala a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā waiwai i nā mahiʻai mālama manu nui i ka manawa o ka Plan 13-Five-Year Plan. ”

E hoʻomaopopo ma kāna kamaʻilio ʻana, ua hoʻopili aku ʻo Pelekikena Xi i ka hana biogas i ka hana hou ʻana i nā ʻōpala e like me nā holoholona a me nā manuʻai manuʻai, ka mālama ʻana i ka uahi a me ka hopohopo no ke ola o ka poʻe.

ʻO ka mea hope loa, ka biofuel wai, ʻo ia ka hoʻomaka mua loa ma Kina, kahi lōʻihi loa o kahi ʻano.

I ka wā mua, ua hoʻomaka hewa hewa ka etanol palaoa i ka hoʻomaka hewa ʻana, a laila kau ʻia ma ka cellulosic ethanol, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻouka ʻia no ka manawa lōʻihi.

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I nā makahiki i hala aku nei, ua hoʻomohala ʻia kahi ala hou i ka honua, mai ke kahua biology a i ka pae thermochemical a ua hana ʻia nā breakthroughs.

ʻO ka maka mea ʻaʻohe starch a me ka aila akā lignocellulose, a ʻaʻole ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ka aila wahie akā ʻo ka biodiesel kiʻekiʻe a me ka aila māmā.

I ko mākou hauʻoli, ke kū nei ʻo Wuhan Kaidi ma ka ʻenehana kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe a me ke kūlana alakaʻi i ka honua.

E hoʻokomo ʻia kahi mea kanu biodiesel me 200,000 tona i kēlā me kēia makahiki i Kina i ka makahiki e hiki mai ana, a he mea nui ia e hana ana i ka epoch.

Lawe mai ka holomua ʻenehana i ka holomua o nā mea maka, a me nā mea i loaʻa mai nā mea kumu.

ʻO ka wahie no ka hanauna mana biomass, ka hoʻomehana ʻana i ka wahie a me ka biogas ka mea nui mai nā ʻōpala mai nā māla a me nā wahi ulu lāʻau, ʻoiai hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka hoʻomehana ʻana e hana i nā wahie wai kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe mai nā ʻāina palena ʻole e hiki ʻole ke kanu i nā mea kanu akā hiki ke ulu i nā mea kanu ikehu resilient.

I kēia manawa, pehea ka nui o kēia ʻāina palena?

ʻO ka ʻikepili i loaʻa iā mākou mai ka Ministry of Land and Resources and the State Forestry Administration ma 2014 166 miliona hectares.

Nui ka pīhoihoi. ʻO 700 miliona mau ia ma mua o 1.8 biliona mu o nā ʻāina mahiʻai ma Kina. He maoli maoli ia i ka ikehuola biomass "mine gula".

Ehia mau biomass i hiki ke hana ʻia mai 1.66 hectares o ka ʻāina palena?

结尾


Ka manawa Post: Jun-18-2021